refactor(core): Generalize binary data manager interface (no-changelog) (#7164)

Depends on: #7092 | Story:
[PAY-768](https://linear.app/n8n/issue/PAY-768)

This PR: 
- Generalizes the `IBinaryDataManager` interface.
- Adjusts `Filesystem.ts` to satisfy the interface.
- Sets up an S3 client stub to be filled in in the next PR.
- Turns `BinaryDataManager` into an injectable service.
- Adjusts the config schema and adds new validators.

Note that the PR looks large but all the main changes are in
`packages/core/src/binaryData`.

Out of scope:
- `BinaryDataManager` (now `BinaryDataService`) and `Filesystem.ts` (now
`fs.client.ts`) were slightly refactored for maintainability, but fully
overhauling them is **not** the focus of this PR, which is meant to
clear the way for the S3 implementation. Future improvements for these
two should include setting up a backwards-compatible dir structure that
makes it easier to locate binary data files to delete, removing
duplication, simplifying cloning methods, using integers for binary data
size instead of `prettyBytes()`, writing tests for existing binary data
logic, etc.

---------

Co-authored-by: कारतोफ्फेलस्क्रिप्ट™ <aditya@netroy.in>

packages/nodes-base/nodes/Code/test/Code.node.test.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { NodeVM } from '@n8n/vm2';
 import type { IExecuteFunctions, IWorkflowDataProxyData } from 'n8n-workflow';
 import { NodeHelpers } from 'n8n-workflow';
 import { normalizeItems } from 'n8n-core';
-import { testWorkflows, getWorkflowFilenames, initBinaryDataManager } from '@test/nodes/Helpers';
+import { testWorkflows, getWorkflowFilenames, initBinaryDataService } from '@test/nodes/Helpers';
 import { Code } from '../Code.node';
 import { ValidationError } from '../ValidationError';
 
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe('Test Code Node', () => {
 	const workflows = getWorkflowFilenames(__dirname);
 
 	beforeAll(async () => {
-		await initBinaryDataManager();
+		await initBinaryDataService();
 	});
 
 	testWorkflows(workflows);