refactor(core): Generalize binary data manager interface (no-changelog) (#7164)

Depends on: #7092 | Story:
[PAY-768](https://linear.app/n8n/issue/PAY-768)

This PR: 
- Generalizes the `IBinaryDataManager` interface.
- Adjusts `Filesystem.ts` to satisfy the interface.
- Sets up an S3 client stub to be filled in in the next PR.
- Turns `BinaryDataManager` into an injectable service.
- Adjusts the config schema and adds new validators.

Note that the PR looks large but all the main changes are in
`packages/core/src/binaryData`.

Out of scope:
- `BinaryDataManager` (now `BinaryDataService`) and `Filesystem.ts` (now
`fs.client.ts`) were slightly refactored for maintainability, but fully
overhauling them is **not** the focus of this PR, which is meant to
clear the way for the S3 implementation. Future improvements for these
two should include setting up a backwards-compatible dir structure that
makes it easier to locate binary data files to delete, removing
duplication, simplifying cloning methods, using integers for binary data
size instead of `prettyBytes()`, writing tests for existing binary data
logic, etc.

---------

Co-authored-by: कारतोफ्फेलस्क्रिप्ट™ <aditya@netroy.in>

packages/nodes-base/test/nodes/Helpers.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ import path from 'path';
 import { tmpdir } from 'os';
 import { isEmpty } from 'lodash';
 import { get } from 'lodash';
-import { BinaryDataManager, Credentials, constructExecutionMetaData } from 'n8n-core';
+import { BinaryDataService, Credentials, constructExecutionMetaData } from 'n8n-core';
+import { Container } from 'typedi';
 import type {
 	CredentialLoadingDetails,
 	ICredentialDataDecryptedObject,
@@ -216,14 +217,10 @@ export function createTemporaryDir(prefix = 'n8n') {
 	return mkdtempSync(path.join(tmpdir(), prefix));
 }
 
-export async function initBinaryDataManager(mode: 'default' | 'filesystem' = 'default') {
-	const temporaryDir = createTemporaryDir();
-	await BinaryDataManager.init({
-		mode,
-		availableModes: mode,
-		localStoragePath: temporaryDir,
-	});
-	return temporaryDir;
+export async function initBinaryDataService(mode: 'default' | 'filesystem' = 'default') {
+	const binaryDataService = new BinaryDataService();
+	await binaryDataService.init({ mode: 'default', availableModes: [mode] });
+	Container.set(BinaryDataService, binaryDataService);
 }
 
 const credentialTypes = new CredentialType();